Robert Wrights Article the Evolution Of Despair :: essays research papers fc

Robert Wright's Article "The Evolution of Despair" Robert Wright is the science writer for Time Magazine. Because he writes for this popular magazine, he enjoys the attention of many readers who look to him to provide them with the latest news from the scientific community. After reading The Evolution of Despair, an article written by Wright, I came under the impression that he is both reporter and commentator, but not explicitly so. Wright utilizes a variety of rhetorical tools to establish trust and confidence in his readers, thereupon interjecting his own opinions without arousing suspicion. The article's first paragraph is a perfect example of how a writer can establish intimacy with his reader. The following example demonstrates Wright's use of first person and emotional appeal: "Whether burdened by an overwhelming flurry of daily commitments or stifled by a sense of social isolation; whether mired for hours in a sense of life's pointlessness or beset for days by unresolved anxiety; whether deprived by long workweeks from quality time with offspring or drowning in quantity time with them – whatever the source of stress, we at times get the feeling that modern life isn't what we were designed for" (1). Everyone, at some point, has experienced the feelings that Wright describes. And with the pronoun ‘we' Wright tells his readers, ‘Yes, I have been through the same things.' This sort of statement is like a token of good will. The readers feel that Wright understands their plight and thus are more likely to listen to what he has to say. With this trust established, Wright moves on to the task of building confidence in his readers. He lives up to his title of science writer by providing various statistics ("As of 1993, 37% of Americans felt they could trust most people, down from 58% in 1960" (4).) and reporting the findings of numerous professors and scientists ("The anthropo-logist Phillip Walker has studied the bones of more than 5,000 children from hundreds of preindustrial cultures, dating back to 4,000 B.C." (2).). This serves a three-fold purpose: 1) to give credibility to the article, 2) to provide subject matter on which Wright can comment, and 3) to indirectly establish the moral character of Wright. On this last point, explicit endorsement of Wright by these respected authorities is absent and unnecessary. The mere appearance of support from these sources is sufficient enough to suggest the validity of his views. Wright's persuasive approach is a method that an aspiring orator might adopt. Instead of the written word, this article might be presented orally. It is no difficult task to imagine Wright standing before a podium, addressing a

Motorcycle Helmet Usage

The use of helmets in the United States is a highly controversial topic. The government has enacted and then repealed laws intended to uphold state helmet laws twice. Currently, regulation laws vary state to state. Twenty states have comprehensive helmet laws. Seven states require riders under the age of twenty to wear a helmet, while 19 states require riders under the age of eighteen to wear one. Only three states, Colorado, Illinois, and Iowa, have no helmet regulation whatsoever. Motorcyclists protest their personal freedom, while others complain about the tax burden and higher insurance rates.Motorcycles account for less than 2% of all registered vehicles in the United States and 0.4% of all vehicle miles traveled. Unfortunately, riders account for more than 9% of all traffic deaths. Over the past ten years motorcycle related deaths have increased by about 89%.The motorcycle is both the most fuel efficient and the most hazardous highway vehicle there is. More than 2,500 motorcycl e riders die in the United States each year, and over 60,000 are injured as a result of an accident. In general, riders and non riders seem to agree that it is obvious that a helmet can reduce the chance of brain injury and death.However, some believe helmets are more likely to cause an accident in the first place. Helmets limit hearing and peripheral vision capabilities which make it difficult for riders to be fully aware of what’s going on around them. The weight of the helmet, combined with hot weather can cause a sense of claustrophobia resulting in anxiety and dizziness. It is likely in these types of situations there is an increase in the chance of an accident. It is also possible to become paralyzed because of a helmet during a crash, under the right circumstances. This leaves some riders to believe there are similar risks whether they wear a helmet or not and they should be able to choose between to two.Some riders simply feel that helmets are uncomfortable and bulky, and it should be their own decision whether or not they want to wear one. And to others, they perceive the use of a helmet as â€Å"uncool†, which is enough justification for them.Contrary to some beliefs, a study by the National Public Services Research Institute concluded that the use of a motorcycle helmet does not interfere with the driver’s capability to hear or see what is going on around them.  Data collected by the National Highway Traffic Administration regarding motorcycle accidents in states where there is only a helmet law for minors indicates this type of helmet law is more difficult to enforce. The data showed that less that 40% of minors killed in crashes were wearing helmets, even though it was required by law.When a catastrophic accident has occurred, the financial burden is usually placed upon private insurers or the state. So in a state where there are multiple head injuries due to motorcycle accidents which require extensive medical treatment and rehabilitation, tax payers and others who carry insurance are financially affected. As a result, a number of people do support enforcing the helmet regulation laws since they feel directly impacted.The Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) conducted an analysis of three states with the universal helmet laws and three states without. The inpatient charges for brain injury were double the cost in the states without the universal helmet laws. Numerous studies have concluded that motorcycle crash victims who were not wearing helmets are less likely to have insurance than crash victims who were wearing helmets.Others are less concerned with the financial burden, and more concerned with the psychological impact of witnessing a gruesome disaster, or having a friend or family member die in such a manner. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, (NHTSA) head injury is the number one cause of death in motorcycle accidents. A survey conducted in 1998 concluded t hat 46% of fatally injured motorcyclists were not wearing helmets. The NHTSA estimates that helmets diminish the possibility of death by 29% in a crash. In 1989, six states enacted a law requiring the use of helmets. All six have seen a reduction in deaths from motorcycle accidents since then.In 1980, motorcycle rider fatalities reached a record high of 5,144. By 1990 the numbers had decreased to 3,244. For the year of 1997 there were only 2,116, an all time low.  Other research indicates that helmet laws significantly decreases fatality rates, saves taxpayer’s money, decreases money lost due to missed work, and reduces the severity of head injuries. A study carried out in California showed that during the first four years after the elimination of the federal sanctions, motorcycle deaths increased by 61% while motorcycle registration increased only by 15%.In Hawaii, research conducted by the Department of Transportation showed that motorcyclists are three times more probabl e to suffer a traumatic brain injury as a result of a motorcycle crash.  The accuracy of statistical information is questionable. It has shown to be difficult to retrieve financial and medical information due to privacy rights and a lack of data. More information has been successfully collected from surviving crash victims than ones who did not survive. There may also be other contributing factors to these accidents besides the fact they weren’t wearing helmets. Different weather and the length of the riding season can have a significant impact on the varying statistics.Other alternatives to reducing the number of fatalities have been suggested. Riders tend to be more supportive of raising safety awareness and mandating education before obtaining a license, since it is common for motorcyclists to learn to ride without any type of education.  In Japan, the new motorcycle riders may start off with the smallest sized motorcycle, and after a set amount of time they are allowe d to graduate to a larger motorcycle. If similar regulations were mandated in the United Sates, the number of fatalities could decrease without helmet laws.Some place the blame on inattentive automobile drivers. It is common to see automobile drivers talking on their cell phone, eating, drinking, etc. Distracted drivers are less likely to use blinkers and potentially more likely to hit a motorcyclist they did not notice previously. An emphasis on defensive driving because of these types of disasters in driver education could help promote safety and reduce motorcycle-related injuries.Small incentives could help promote the use of motorcycle helmets, rather than a mandatory law. For example, a reduction in the cost of motorcycle insurance for wearing a helmet might be beneficial. Some motorcycle stores have been known to give away free helmets, or offer to install free two-way communicators in them in hopes to encourage the use of helmets.While the majority of the public seems to supp ort a mandatory helmet law, the majority of actual motorcycle riders support freedom of choice. There are good arguments supporting both sides. This is a highly debatable topic similar to one’s right to risk dying of lung cancer because they choose to smoke. It is highly unlikely a compromise will be made that is deemed reasonable by both sides.Works CitedDepartment of Motor Vehicles. Helmets: A Matter of Choice? 5 December 2006   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.dmv.org/how-to-guides/motorcycle-chouces.phpSMS Research & Marketing Services, Inc. March 2004. Motorcycle Helmets   Ã‚   Integration Report. 5 December 2006.    http://www.hawaii.gov/dot/publicaffairs/safecommunities/reports/motorcyclehelm  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ets/motorcycle-intergration.pdfSMS Research & Marketing Services, Inc. January 2004. Executive Highlights. 6   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   December 2006.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   http://www.hawaii.gov/dot/publicaffair s/safecommunities/reports/motorcyclehelm  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   ets/motorcycle-focusgroups.pdf   

Attitudes Toward The Juvenile Justice System - 1436 Words

Abstract In this paper, the researcher explores Attitudes toward the Juvenile Justice System amoung Juvenile Deliinquents. Data will gathered using surveys. A total of 80 people are expected to participate in the research. The initial hypothesis in this study is Respondents living in single family homes are more likely to feel the Juvenile Justice System is non-effective than those living with both parents.. I. Introduction A system put in place to deal with Juveniles has been around for over 100 years. During the 18th century offenders were placed in two categories, an infant or an adult. Infants were not babies as we refer to those under the age of one, but more so, those who were not about to fully understand the act in which they have committed. Children under the age of seven were as the law stated unable to be guilty of a felony; whereas, children over the age of fourteen were held to the full extent of the law and were eligible for the death penalty. The ages in between seven and fourteen were considered a gray area. If the child in question was found to have full knowledge of their actions he/she could be held to the same consequences as those of adult offenders. There has been a substantial amount of changes made to the system between then and the present. During the 19th century the way in which juvenile offenders were handled and facilitated changed. Beginning in larger cities in the United States, Juveniles were placed in Refugee Houses andShow MoreRelatedFuture of the Juvenile Justice System1280 Words   |  6 PagesFuture of the Juvenile Justice System The future of the juvenile justice system is uncertain. There is a struggle to try a find a way to serve the needs of the juvenile delinquents and issue them a punishment for violating the law. In order to improve the direction of the juvenile justice system, recommendations are needed regarding community involvement, law enforcement, courts, corrections, and the private sector. These recommendations address issues that the system is currently facing and offersRead MoreJuveniles1358 Words   |  6 PagesQuestion What do we really know from recent, sound empirical studies regarding the attitudes surrounding risky sexual behavior and condom use among juveniles involved in the justice system? Quantity and Quality of the Research Literature There is evidence that juveniles involved in the justice system have an elevated risk for contracting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Sexually Transmitted Infections STIs) due to higher rates of psychopathology, illicit substance use, and lack of exposureRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency1154 Words   |  5 PagesDiscussion In common parlance, there is an understanding of juvenile delinquency as meaning adolescents breaking the law or participating in mischievous behavior. Defining juveniles as being under the age of 18 years is the general rule of thumb because, in the current legal system, upon reaching this age individuals can be tried as adults, serve in the military, and, in some states, consume alcohol. (Reckless, 1972) One may ask why juvenile delinquency is viewed as a separate construct from adultRead MorePractices And Influence Of The Criminal Legal System1213 Words   |  5 Pagescriminal legal system has an effect on the life of every American, and it is therefore of vital public interest to facilitate it functioning optimally. This can only be accomplished with a more comprehensive understanding of this system. Building on the work of Martin and Cohn (2004) and Wu, Lake and Cao (2015), this study sought to better understand the system through the administration of a self-report survey. This survey measured participant Attitudes Toward the Criminal Legal System (ATCLS) andRead More Juvenile Justice Essay881 Words   |  4 Pages Juvenile Justice nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Juvenile Justice System as it typically functions in Americas thousands of jurisdictions is the subject that will be covered. The Juvenile Justice System is defined as that quot;sociolegal process having responsibility and authority for public reaction to current juvenile delinquency and deterrence of future juvenile delinquency, including within that process the public and private agents, agencies, laws, rules, and policies having to do withRead MoreEssay on Life Without Parole for Juveniles956 Words   |  4 Pagesthe use of life without parole for juveniles who committed non-homicide crimes, and Roper v. Simmons (2005) abolished the use of the death penalty for juvenile offenders. They both argued that these sentences violated the 8th Amendment, which prohibits cruel and unusual punishment. While these landmark cases made great strides for the rights of minors passing through the criminal justice system, they are just the first steps in creating a juvenile justice system that takes into consideration the vastRead MoreAdolescent Crime a Result of Socioeconomic Instabilities 1271 Words   |  6 Pagesthe juvenile justice system. Pressure associated with increased levels of crime gears conservative believers in social responsibility to implement harsher punishments as an avenue for social protection. Conversely, liberally-minded individuals gravitate toward the social problems perspective, believing that rehabilitation is the only method adequate to protect society. Inherent in the controversial topic of trying juveniles as adults is an increased responsibility to create a functional system gearedRead MoreThe Death Penalty For Juveniles1169 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Paper: Death Penalty for Juveniles Capital punishment for juveniles is one of the most controversial topics to ever be explored in society and in the criminal justice system. The death penalty is a rare occurrence amongst juveniles since it is so arguable as to whether they should be tried as adults. Lynn Cothern from the Juvenile Justice Resource Center suggests that â€Å"the primary purpose of the juvenile justice system is to hold juvenile offenders accountable for delinquent acts whileRead MoreJuvenile Justice And Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act1577 Words   |  7 Pagesto research the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act. The paper will focus on the purpose of this legislation, as well as the values that are expressed by this policy. This paper will not only address why this piece of legislation is important it will discuss the effects this act has had on the communities as well as the youths themselves. This paper, will also address the potential for change about the pu blic attitudes towards the juvenile justice system and the socialRead MoreRelationship Between Police Intervention And Juvenile Delinquency1459 Words   |  6 PagesStephanie A. Wiley and Finn-Aage Esbensen’s article (2016) research the relationship between police intervention and juvenile delinquency and what polices are ideal for deterring deviance amplification. There are two main theories that initiate America’s juvenile justice system: labeling and deterrence. Essentially, labeling proponents believe that official intervention increases delinquency and, oppositely, deterrence theorists argue that it cracks down on deviancy. Wiley et al. (2016:283) want

The Abuse of Anabolic Steriods - 648 Words

According to Yavari (2009), conventionally, anabolic steroids were used to boost athletic performance and appearance by increasing muscle growth while decreasing fat. These steroids essentially raise androgenic testosterone levels within the body therefore, promoting faster muscle growth. However, today these performance enhancing drugs are no longer a preserve for bodybuilders and professional athletes. Instead they are widely by people across all age groups. Students from middle-school to high-school through to college students and adults continuously use steroids for recreational purposes. He further adds that abuse of anabolic steroids causes higher physiological concentrations of testosterone and testosterone derivatives that can adversely affect hormonal balance in the reproductive system. This can further extend to severe implications on the user’s social, reproductive and psychological wellbeing. Consequently, adverse side effects associated with abuse of steroids continue to jeopardize the health of a significant proportion of our society (Yavari, 2009), Symptoms of Abuse Amongst novice users certain physical changes may occur. These include unusually rapid muscle growth and greasy hair with oily skin accompanied with stretch marks. Others include acne outbreaks on the shoulders, heightened Gynocomastia, rapid weight gain and a receding hairline amongst others. In addition, sudden personality changes are prevalent amongst steroid abusers. They may suddenly exhibitShow MoreRelatedSelf Esteem And Body Image Problems1491 Words   |  6 PagesPerformance-Enhancing Drugs 5.1 What are Anabolic steroids? Some athletes take a form of steroids — known as anabolic-androgen steroids or just anabolic steroids — to increase their muscle mass and strength. The main anabolic steroid hormone produced by your body is testosterone. Testosterone has two main effects on your body: Anabolic effects promote muscle building. Androgenic effects are responsible for male traits, such as facial hair and a deeper voice. TEENAGE STERIOD USE ON THE RISE Read MorePsychological Effects of Using Anabolic Steroids Essay1240 Words   |  5 Pages Anabolic Steriods. What are they? Where do they come from? Why are they used? From amateurs to pros, from body builders to football players and every sport in between, Steriods, or quot;roidsquot; as they are referred to, have been in the circle of athletes since the 1950s. Is it vanity that drives athletes to use steriods? Do they understand the end results from the abuse of quot;roidsquot;? What psychological effects do steriods have on users?In order to understand the psychological effectsRead MoreAnabolic Steroids Should Be Banned Essay1118 Words   |  5 PagesAn anabolic steroid is a synthetic steroid hormone that resembles testosterone in promoting the growth of muscle (NIDA 2004). Anabolic Steroids are taken by many athletes, whether male or female and can harm the body. There are many anabolic, androgenic effects, and risks. When you continue to negatively use this kind of drug to succeed life threatening consequences come into effect. ..(needs more context ) â€Æ' Introduction In many states and surrounding countries athletes are using what are labeledRead More Anabolic Steriods Essays1261 Words   |  6 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Weight Lifting Mrs. Registarnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; February 12, 2001 Anabolic Steriods nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Anabolic Steroids are synthetic compounds formulated to be like the male sex hormone testosterone. Many athletes use anabolic steroids male and female alike, such as body builders, weightlifters, baseball players, football players, swimmers, and runners. They do so because they mistakenlyRead MoreEssay on Anabolic Steroids1716 Words   |  7 Pages Anabolic Steroids nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Anabolic steroids are synthetic coumpounds formulated to be like the male sex hormone testosterone. Many athletes use anabolic steroids male and female alike, such as body builders , weightlifters, baseball players, football players, swimmers, and runners. They do so because they mistakenly believe that they will gain strength and size. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In a male testosterone is released by the leydig cells in the testes. The testosteroneRead MorePersonal Narrative: My Friends Steriod Use Essays1259 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Narrative: My Friends Steriod Use The media has done an excellent job of creating the ideal body type, with a bombardment of images of what we should look like. However the odds of the average person being able to fit this model are very slim indeed. Since 1997 I have been a member of a health facility where I have worked and worked trying to mold myself into that ideal type. It seems that the closer I get the farther away I am from my goal One day one of my close friends and workRead More Drug Abuse and Reprocussions Essay1781 Words   |  8 Pagesyounger age. Due to the rapid increase in drug abuse our government has looked to rehab as an alternative to jail. When a person thinks of a drug abuser one usually pictures a person that looks like thay had just jumped out of a garbage bin. What most people do not realize is that most drug offenders are the people one spends a lot of time with. Everyday humans are abusing drugs without anyone recognizing their illness (Phillips 22). Many symptoms of drug abuse are easily recognisable. Weight loss or

Informative Speech - Teen Suicide Essay - 854 Words

INFORMATIVE SPEECH OUTLINE General Subject: Informative speech; teen suicide. General Purpose: To inform. Specific Purpose: Today I will be discussing the topic of teen suicide. Central Idea: Teen suicide is a growing health concern in the US as it is the third leading cause of death among young people [Linn-Gust, 2001]. Thesis: In order to better understand teen suicide, it is important to explore the causes of teen suicide, what are the symptoms and/or signs, and what can be done to prevent teen suicide. Organizational Pattern: Topical Pattern I. Introduction A. The pressure is mounting, the pain is unbearable, thoughts are racing through your head, you just can’t go on any longer and then the erry†¦show more content†¦2. When being a single mother, you may face some negative perceptions from society and others. Things such as: a. Your children are loose cannons and run freely because there is lack of authority within the household. b. Women cannot discipline children harsh enough and they will run over her. c. Women don’t have what it takes to teach their sons how to be a man because she is not a man. 3. Bullying and/or relationship problems are amongst the leading causes of teen suicide as well. a. May cause the children to have emotional stress which may cause depression. b. May cause the children difficulties in school academically and socially. c. May lead to a strained relationship or sense of hate toward the single mother. Transition: Most teens will show some signs or symptoms even before they commit suicide. B. Being a single mother has made me a very strong and independent person. 1. Some of the most common positive effects that I have had from a being single mother are: a. It has made me a hard worker. b. It has made me want to better myself and attend college. c. It has showed me that as long as I am willing to put my mind to it, anything is possible. It has given me strength and confidence within myself. 2. Some of the positive effects of me being single mother on my children have been: a. They have had a positiveShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech On Teen Suicide989 Words   |  4 Pages Topic: Teen Suicide Awareness Teenage suicide is preventable, and ways that the society can help prevent are through the media, in schools, and in a Teens home. General Purpose: To bring awareness to my audience on teen suicide Specific Purpose: To inform and persuade my audience to take an active role in teen suicide awareness and prevention. Thesis: Spreading Awareness to teen suicide is a means to answering their silent cry by getting knowledge and donating, After all, knowledge is a veryRead MoreOutline Of A Speech On Depression1231 Words   |  5 PagesDepression I. Speech Overview: A. General Goal: To inform. B. Specific Goal: By the end of my speech, my audience will understand the real illness that is depression and how much it does deal with my generation and the toll it has had on us and how to deal with it. II. Introduction: (This is where you start talking) A. Attention Grabber: In the second grade, after a really, really close family friend had passed away I realized that my days were kind of gloomy and that my always positive mindsetRead MoreCyberbullying Essay615 Words   |  3 PagesInformative Speech Outline Name- Cayla Kiger Specific Purpose- I will be informing you about cyber bullying Central Idea- I will be informing you about what cyber bullying actually is, the causes of cyber bullying, and the effects its has on people. Introduction I- â€Å"Around 1 in5 kids have been cyber bullied. That 1 in 5 may be your friends, your siblings, or even you.† (Cyber bullying Stats 1). II. As the majority of my audience â€Å"think† they know what cyber bullying is, I am hereRead MorePeer Pressure2910 Words   |  12 Pagesbe a welcome break from citing Mark Anthony s oft quoted, Friends, Romans, Countrymen... speech. A good debate topic does not necessarily need to be a political topic. It can be funny, informative, contemplative, social, economical - the categories are endless. Debate topics for students need to be chosen keeping in mind the maturity level and understanding that they may be expected to have about the speech topic at hand. Always make a shortlist of topics that will seem interesting to the targetRead MoreOutlining an Informative Speech: Anabolic Steroids1824 Words   |  8 Pages| Outlining an Informative SpeechAnabolic Steroids in Sports | | | OUTLINE OF SPEECH ATTENTION-GETTING OPENER An athlete is a person who is trained or skilled in exercises, sports, or games requiring physical strength, agility, or stamina. Athletes train and practice year-round to prepare for the competition and challenges. Most high school, college, amateur and professional athletes participate in sports for the opportunity to pit their abilities against those of their peers, andRead MorePlanned Parenthood Essay2715 Words   |  11 Pagesmillion people have died from AIDS since 1981. STDs often cause death, infertility, chronic pain, birth defects, amp; miscarriages. Everyday 12,000 American teens contract an STD. 1 in 5 Americans have genital herpes. 90% don’t know it and don’t show signs. There are 750,000 teen pregnancies in the U.S. a year (2,000 a day). About 80% of teen fathers don’t stay with the mom. Every 45 seconds someone in the U.S. is sexually assaulted. How can we prevent these numbers and statistics? We can with PlannedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Paperboy 2052 Words   |  9 PagesNathan and Alice. â€Å"Yeah, woopee†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Alice responded sarcastically. Since Colin’s old paper route, he really hasn’t changed. He’s still the peppy, happy child as he was, but the others have really changed. Luckily for Nathan, he was able to go into speech therapy, helping him out with his speaking so much. Kids no longer call him mentally challenged. But for Alice, she has seemed to go into a depression as if since her young days, her glass eye would haunt her. â€Å"Why aren’t you excited Alice? it’s theRead MoreSpeech to Inform8146 Words   |  33 PagesSpeech To Inform Speech to inform:Euro-2012 In April 2007, Ukraine and Poland were named co-hosts for Euro 2012 tournament. This joint bid, taking into account Ukraines tough economic condition and administration problems, has become a headache for UEFA President Michel Platini. The matches will be staged at eight venues, divided between the co-host countries. Ukraine is behind the schedule, having problems with modernization of airports, roads, and rail networks. As a co-host country, Poland seemsRead MoreCommunity Health Presentation : Caring For Our Veterans3541 Words   |  15 Pagesveterans†. Johnson, Boudiab, Freundl, Anthony, Gmerek and Carter, (2013) discussed the unique healthcare issues that veterans experience. Some of the identified issues are: hazardous exposures, polytrauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, suicide, and homelessness. The article provided evidence-based assessment tools and guidelines for treatment. Also included is a most helpful table of websites that offer educational materials, tools, and services for veterans. Civilian health care providersRead More Media Does NOT Control Society Essay examples3518 Words   |  15 Pagessensitivities or possible maim Junior for life, its coming from the views of the gay and lesbian community, the ones who are being censored out. The gay and lesbian community are fighting tooth and nail just to get the basic rights of Freedom of Speech and Freedom of the Press to be abided by, forget try and properly educate the nation about what they are all about. People fear what they do not know, and people can be are very prejudice about things that are not them selves, especially when it

Summary of Plato’s Protagoras Free Essays

Summary Protagoras In Plato’s dialogue â€Å"Protagoras† Socrates tells a companion his experience and interview with a man he deems fairer than Alcibiades. His name is then revealed to be Protagoras. Protagoras is described as a wise man because if one makes friends with him and gives him money, he would make the benefactor as wise as he is himself. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Plato’s Protagoras or any similar topic only for you Order Now From this it can be understood that Protagoras has the gift of speech. He is able to persuade a man as well as have him to whatever he wishes. A Socrates question that, if soul is more sacred than body, why does Hippocrates choose Protagoras over his family and friends to consult in the matter. He believes that Hippocrates does not even know what a Sophist truly is but still chooses to offer his soul to him. Socrates believes that the food of the soul. He compares a Sophist to a dealer and as all dealers they praise all of their goods indiscriminately. So the customer is in danger of purchasing something that may harm him. If one is not a specialist in the particular field he may be cheated. When absorbing the knowledge of a Sophist one should also be careful and calculate what knowledge is useful to him, as the knowledge will have effects on the soul. Then Protagoras says that by associating with him, he would make Hippocrates a better man by sharing his wisdom daily. He would teach him prudence in private and public affairs, teach him to order his house in the best manner, teach him speak in the affairs of the state. So to say, teach politics and make a good citizen out of him. However, Socrates doubts this. He says in the affairs of the state every citizen has a say and it does not matter if he is or is not taught politics. As well, he says that if a man does gain wisdom there is no guarantee that he would share it with others or be acknowledged for it. Although, the man is given the gift of wisdom in comparison to other animals, he is not able to govern himself properly, which results in raging, never-ending wars and conflict. Every man if taught properly can attain needed skills (medicine, sciences), however, those already able to teach did not choose lightly their pupils. Good and bad qualities may be influenced by nature and chance. A rational man does not punish in regards of the past (something that cannot be undone) but thinking about the future. He punishes to prevent the wrong from repeating so as emphasising that virtue may be taught. A man punishes those he believes are evildoers. Protagoras believes that justice, temperance and holiness must be taught to all who wish to learn. If the pupil does wrong, he must be punished so he would become better. Those who refuse should be exiled or sentenced to death, as they would be deemed as incurable. People teach each other their virtues according to their own abilities. It may be difficult to find a teacher for an expert artisan but easy for one who is a complete beginner. Virtue may be divided into parts, for example, justice, temperance, and holiness. Although, they are all related, they also differ. They each have their own function. It is said that each quality or action has only one opposite but both temperance and wisdom were concluded to have the same opposite – folly. Later, the characters analyse poems. It is said that it may be hard to become good but impossible to remain good as a man makes mistakes and has weaknesses. Circumstances may make the man lose his goodness. They question what makes a man good. It is said that the good man may become bad in time, but the bad man cannot become bad, as he is already bad. * While a good man will feel for those wronged as well as his family and his country, a bad man will gain join and find faults. How to cite Summary of Plato’s Protagoras, Essay examples

Effective Communication in Primary Schools free essay sample

Similarly, if the staff is not trained in the effective use of communication, especially nonverbal communication, then the purpose for which the building is being constructed will be lost. It is imperative that the importance of areas which contribute to effective learning such as class layout, design and colour, staff competence and discipline be understood, so that this project achieves its overall objectives. As Erdiston and Carrington Primary schools prepare to merge in 2009 and become one school, there are several factors which must be considered, if this new school is to be a productive learning institution.To provide education is not just to provide a space in which students learn, it is also to provide the right environment and resources to facilitate learning. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to provide the Ministry of Education with the information necessary for them to make sound decisions in a. Contracting the building to ensure that the design, layout and use of colour is conducive to learning and b. Selecting and providing teachers and other relevant human resources with the knowledge and understanding of nonverbal communication, use of the new layout, positive discipline and overall development of the students.Our objective as Communication Psychologists, is to enable Government to provide a strong and practical foundation for these students by removing the barriers to effective interaction. While this document does not aim to provide a background on Educational Psychology, it does aim to give its reader a clear understanding of the impact of non-verbal communication in a learning environment and its relevance to the objectives of the proposal. There are several different learning strategies which, if applied correctly, can be very effective in the classroom.However, correctly, is the operative word; most good strategies require an environment which will allow successful communication to take place. Although generally people interpret communication to mean verbal forms of expr ession, for learning to take place successfully, we must consider non-verbal communication as well. Verbal communication takes place easily and with relative control over what is said, read or even sung. However, this type of communication accounts for only 7% of all forms of communication. (Galloway, C. 1972).It stands to reason then, that this form of communication does not contribute to the learning process as significantly as we traditionally believed. On the other hand, the non-verbal form of communication represents 55% of the communication process and requires more effort to control, given the numerous ways in which it is delivered. (Mehrabian, A. 1968). It is imperative that all the stakeholders in the establishment of the new school understand that the success of this type of interaction between student and teacher is influenced by both the physical design of the classrooms and other learning areas.The theory of Proxemics shows how intimate, personal and social distance varies according to culture. In a Barbadian school setting, one should be mindful of the types of spaces that are created. The classrooms should be spacious so that pupils can interact with one another in their informal space. This comprises the personal space around the body that travels around with a person as he/she moves, and that determines the personal distance among people. (Low, S. M. , Lawrence-Zuniga, D. (2003). The room itself should conform to a semi-fixed-feature which comprises movable objects, such as tables, chairs, patricians, etc.Such consideration should also be given to playgrounds, libraries, lunchrooms, etc. When designing the room, the question â€Å"what do we want to achieve here† should be asked and, based on the answer, a determination should be made as to the type of space it should be. The colour of the classroom is also important since the environment influences nonverbal communication and colors in the background are thought to influence moods and behaviors. For example, the soft color of green is often painted onto library walls, providing a quiet, restful atmosphere. (Low, S.M. , Lawrence-Zuniga, D. (2003). Similarly, the classrooms should be painted in various age-appropriate colours, to excite and stimulate learning at infant level and a more calming contrast at junior level to promote clear thinking. Lighting is also important, not only to increase visibility but also to influence moods. A poorly lit room, for example, might lend to laziness or distraction. Most, if not all public schools in Barbados, use the Traditional Classroom Setting where all the students sit facing forward, in columns across the width of the class.However, this setting is not the most effective for learning, as a large number of students are not in the visual range of the teacher. Instead, the horseshoe arrangement shown below in Diagram 1 is more suitable for teacher-student and student-student interaction. (Introduction in Nonverbal, n. d. ) Diagram 1 [pic] Classes with fairly small enrollments are often arranged in this fashion. This option is popular when student are given the opportunity of arranging their classroom. Such an arrangement offers each student equivalent visual access to most other students and the teacher.If the teacher desires that the full-class interaction occur, the horseshoe arrangement may be the most desirable. This will encourage an equal amount interaction both among the students and between students and teacher. Noise reduction is another critical area of concern; noise and poor acoustics in a classroom means poor student concentration and reduced teacher effectiveness. Poor acoustics in classrooms can affect the child’s ability to recognize speech, as well as hinder its psychosocial and psychoeducational development.Recent research showed that the sound of one chair scraping on the floor of a classroom was measured at 80 dB although teachers voice loudness levels average 60-65 dB. This amount of excess noise may reduce speech recognition up to 10-40%. (Accoustic Resources, n. d. ) Therefore, the building should be constructed in a way that reduces both internal and external noises. In other words, the architecture of the building should provide insulation from the traffic and other external noises while classrooms should have enough noise insulation to reduce, if not eliminate the sounds from neighboring classrooms.In addition to the physical structure of the building, the teaching resources need to be addressed. The recommended class layout will reduce the number of students per class and subsequently, the number of classrooms in the school to accommodate the expected role of 450. We expect that there will be at least twenty-two class rooms with approximately 20 students each, and the additional spaces should be designed to allow the relative number of users based on the total role. The entire school needs to be adequately staffed, including teachers, administration and ancillary staff.However, the teaching staff is our focus as we seek to improve the standard of education at primary level. Teachers should be made aware of non-verbal communication so that they may learn how to obtain accurate and useful information about their own behavior and its meaning to their students. They should also be familiar with the techniques of observing and detecting nonverbal information that is transmitted by students. (Galloway, C. M. 1972). For example, the variety of ways in which teacher and students walk, stand, or sit can all affect interpersonal perception.The teacher who slouches or twitches when talking to students is not likely to be perceived as a composed person. Conversely, the teacher who always appears unruffled regardless of the circumstances is likely to be perceived as cold and withdrawn. Body postures and movements are frequently used as indicators of self-confidence, energy, fatigue, or status. In the classroom, students keen to receive body messages of enthusiasm or boredom about the subject matter being taught can sense confidence or frustration from the unconscious behaviors of teachers. (Introduction in Nonverbal, n. . ) Many of the cues students use to make judgments about teachers competence or characters are obtained by observing the teachers non-verbal behavior. Some aspects of non-verbal communication can be arranged before the classroom session begins. According to Neill and Caswell (1993), dress can be used as a â€Å"fixed signal† of the kind of person they would like to be taken as. Non-verbal cues such as unkempt hair or a lack of care about dress may indicate a disturbed inner state, while someone neatly dressed with a well-groomed look will be perceived as in control (Hills, P. J. 1986). Teachers should also understand the use of body language such as gestures, eye contact and paralanguage as means to communicate with students. And finally, behavior management without corpral punishment must be given consideration. Most people believe that classroom discipline lies in the role of verbal communication and corporal punishment. However, the role of nonverbal communication has been proven more effective. (Charles, C. M. 2002). By using body language such as facial expressions, gestures, eye contact, and physical proximity, students’ misbehaviors can be prevented or corrected.The key is in helping students support their own self-control so that they behave properly and maintain a positive attitude. (Charles, C. M. 2002). According to C. M. Charles, (2002), Members of any community (i. e. students and staff in school) strive to exhibit the values and standards which are held, expressed, and reinforced within their society, their family/friends, and them. Children must gain self control and the ability to recognize social and environmental cues. Further, they must gain an appreciation of themselves and others as individual within a community where ersonal decisions affect their future.